In conjunction with histone modifications, DNA methylation plays critical roles in gene
silencing through chromatin remodeling. Changes in DNA methylation perturb neuronal
function, and mutations in a methyl-CpG–binding protein, MeCP2, are associated with Rett …

Extinction of conditioned fear is an important model both of inhibitory learning and of
behavior therapy for human anxiety disorders. Like other forms of learning, extinction
learning is long-lasting and depends on regulated gene expression. Epigenetic …

To elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms in Huntington9s disease (HD) elicited by
expression of full-length human mutant huntingtin (fl-mhtt), a bacterial artificial chromosome
(BAC)-mediated transgenic mouse model (BACHD) was developed expressing fl-mhtt with …

Mammalian pre-implantation development is a complex process involving dramatic changes
in the transcriptional architecture 1, 2, 3, 4. We report here a comprehensive analysis of
transcriptome dynamics from oocyte to morula in both human and mouse embryos, using …

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a cognate ligand for the tyrosine kinase receptor
B (TrkB) receptor, mediates neuronal survival, differentiation, synaptic plasticity, and
neurogenesis. However, BDNF has a poor pharmacokinetic profile that limits its therapeutic …

DNA methylation is a major epigenetic factor that has been postulated to regulate cell
lineage differentiation. We report here that conditional gene deletion of the maintenance
DNA methyltransferase I (Dnmt1) in neural progenitor cells (NPCs) results in DNA …

The postnatal forebrain subventricular zone (SVZ) harbors stem cells that give rise to
olfactory bulb interneurons throughout life. The identity of stem cells in the adult SVZ has
been extensively debated. Although, ependymal cells were once suggested to have stem …

During development of the CNS, neurons and glia are generated in a sequential manner.
The mechanism underlying the later onset of gliogenesis is poorly understood, although the
cytokine-induced Jak-STAT pathway has been postulated to regulate astrogliogenesis …

The addition of the monosaccharide β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine to proteins (O-GlcNAc
glycosylation) is an intracellular, post-translational modification that shares features with
phosphorylation. Understanding the cellular mechanisms and signaling pathways that …

Mutations in the DSL (Delta, Serrate, Lag2) Notch (N) ligand Delta-like (Dll) 3 cause skeletal
abnormalities in spondylocostal dysostosis, which is consistent with a critical role for N
signaling during somitogenesis. Understanding how Dll3 functions is complicated by reports …